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The Doctrine of Res Judicata, enshrined in Section 11 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC), 1908, prevents courts from adjudicating matters that have been previously

The Doctrine of Stare Decisis, rooted in the Latin maxim “stare decisis et non quieta movere,” mandates courts to adhere to established precedents to ensure

The Doctrine of State Action ensures that fundamental rights are protected against infringements by the State and its instrumentalities, as defined under Article 12 of